Discuss disposal of sewage by land treatment. Gives its merits.

Disposal of sewage can be done in three ways:

1. Irrigation or sewage farming: in this controlled discharge of sewage to land for supporting plant growth. Because sewage contains fertilizing components like nitrogen, phosphate, potassium, etc. which helps more yielding of the crop. And it makes sure that before applying sewage is made safe for disposal.

We can apply sewage to the land field by these three methods:

• Sprinkler or spray irrigation
• sub-surface irrigation
• surface irrigation

1. Overland flow: overland flow is applied on land where the soil is mostly impermeable. It will create a thin layer on the land. And on that land grass cover is provided for micro-organisms and to prevent erosion.
2. Rapid infiltration: it is allowed to spread over the basin and the soil is highly permeable. So it will also recharge the groundwater. So maintaining the infiltration capacity of the soil basin need to operate at a particular time intervals.

Merits of sewage disposal by land treatment:

• from the two options natural river or water bodies didn’t found then the only option we can choose is land treatment.
• When we have suitable soil lands like sandy soil-, or alluvium soil which is more aerated than other soil, it will be best to choose land treatment.
• In the scarcity of irrigation water, then sewage treatment is the best use.
• In a humid climate land treatment is favorable.
• Large land area is available and suitable for irrigation also then it is used to disposal of sewage treatment.