Define PIEV

PIEV is the complete reaction time of the driver while he is driving and calculating the braking distance.

P – Perception time: Time lost in perceiving the object.

I – Intellection time: Time lost in understanding the situation.

E – Emotion time: Time lost in fear, anger, etc.

V – Volition time: Time lost in final action i.e., applying break

Reflex action: It may not be possible for a driver to apply breaks, avoiding actions like turning by the reflex action without a normal thinking process.

Braking distance: L = V² / 2.g.b.f

here, breaking efficiency (b) is assumed as 100 %, therefore ;

L = V ² / 2.g.f