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1. Measure the total height and width of the area that you want the staircase to fill.
2. Calculate the total number of steps needed to reach the required height.
3. Draw a sketch of how you would like the stairs to look with the measurements included.
4. Determine the angle of the stairs based on the amount of space you have for the flight of stairs. A typical dog-legged staircase will have an angle from 32 to 40 degrees.
5. Cut the stringers, or the frames of the stairs, from 2-by-12 boards according to the slope of the stairs.
6. Install the stringers securely to a wall or other support, making sure to align them properly.
7. Cut each tread from a piece of 2-by-10 board and notch them to fit over the stringers.
8. Securely fasten each tread to the stringers with nails.
9. Check the accuracy of the staircase with a level and a measuring tape.
10. Attach handrails to the staircase according to local code requirements.