What is setting out in surveying?

Setting out is a process of positing and leveling the building line and road alignment as per the map or plan of a plot on the ground by various techniques and instruments.

Methods of setting out:

1. Setting out by coordinates.

A structure or building which is to be built is set out by taking reference from the already existing baseline. A grid line can be drawn from the baseline at each corner of the building.

2. Setting out with the help of theodolite and level.

3. By checking verticality.

For checking the verticality following instruments are used:

a. Plumb bob is used for the building less than 20 m in height.
b. Optical Plummet
c. Theodolite

3. Setting out and alignment in steel framed buildings

4. By formwork, we can check alignment and verticality

5. By route surveying

Setting out instruments and tools:

a. Ranging rods
b. Gradient template
c. Water manometer
d. Tube water level
e. Camber board
f. Dumpy level
g.Pegs
h.Cross staff
I. Spirit level
j. Optical square
k. Triangle sets