In this article, we are going to discuss different things like Introduction, definition, types of brick bonding, technical terms used in brick masonry, etc.
Introduction to Brick masonry
In an ancient period people used to construct buildings with the help of stones and lime mortar shifting of huge stones was a very difficult task for the labor.
Slowly people started to use lightweight bricks and cement mortar for the construction of buildings for the purpose of construction different types of bonds are followed. Brick masonry is built with brick bounded together with mortar.
For permanent buildings, lime or cement mortar is used and for the temporary shades, mud mortar may be used.
Definition of Brick masonry
The art of laying bricks in mortar in a systematic way that gives a homogenous mass that can resist forces without disintegration is called Brick masonry.
In short, the use of brick for construction is called Brickwork or Brick construction.
Technical Terms used in Brick Masonry
- Stretcher:- The longer face of the brick is termed as a stretcher.
- Header:- The sorter face of the brick is termed as Header.
- Closer:- The portion of the bring cut along its length is known as closer.
- Bat:- The portion of the brick cut along its width is called Bat.
- Quoin:- The external face of the wall is termed as quoin.
Read More About: Technical Terms used in Brick Masonry
Types of closer
Types of bricks closer are as follow.
- Queen closer(Half)
- Queen Closer (Quarter)
- King closer
- Beveled closer
- Mitred closer
Queen closer(Half)
When a brick is cut along its length making it two equal halves it is called queen closer. Thus,a queen closer is broke brick portion whose width is half. This is also called as closer half
Queen Closer (Quarter)
If a queen closer is broken into two equal pieces then it is known as queen closer quarter.
King closer
If a brick is cut in such a way that the width of one end becomes half that of full brick, while the width at the other end is equal to the full width, then it is called king closer.
It is obtained by cutting out a triangular portion of the brick i.e Half header and half stretcher.
Beveled closer
It is a form of king closer in which the whole length of the brick (i.e. stretcher face) is beveled in such a way that half-width is maintained at the other end.
Mitred closer
It is a portion of a brick whose one end is cut splay or mitered for full width. The angle of splay may vary from 45 to 60.
Types of Bat Bricks
Half Bat
If the length of Bat is equal to half of the length of the original brick then it is called half Bat brick.
Three quarter Bat
It is the fourth portion of brick but having its length equal to three-quarters of the length of a full brick i.e. 1/4th.
Beveled Bat
A brick Bat is called beveled when it’s width has beveled
Different Types of Brick Bonding in Brick masonry
English Bonding
The arrangement of bricks that consist of alternate header and stretcher placed one over each other is called English Bonding.
In order to break the alignment of vertical joints to be in the same straight line the queen closer is placed and 1/4th brick available for each stretcher over the header in the course below it.
This type of bond gives higher strength among all bonds.
Flemish Bonding
It is the arrangements of bricks that consist of an alternate header and stretcher in each coarse. Every alternate coarse in this bonding starts with the header. In order to break the alignment of vertical joints in the same straight line, queen closer is placed next to Quoin closer.
Flemish bond is found more economical than English bond but requires highly skilled labors.
Stretcher Bonding
It is the arrangements of bonding that consist of a stretcher in each coarse. In order to break the vertical alignment joints in the same straight line, half Bat brick is used. This bond is provided when a half brick wall is needed.
This is mainly used for the construction of partition walls where no load-bearing wall is needed. This bonding gives the least strength.
Header bonding
It is the arrangements of bonding that consist of the header in each coarse. In order to break the arrangements of vertical joints to be in the same straight line, it’s each alternative coarse is started with 3 quarter Bat brick. This bonding is used in foundation work.
Also Read:
- Manufacturing of Bricks
- Types of Cement
- Composition of Cement Clinker
- Hydration of Cement
- Products of Hydration of Cement
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