Basic Knowledge about Bridge Engineering

Bridge

As we know that, a bridge is a structure providing passage to cross obstacles like a stream or river or low ground, etc without closing the way beneath. The bridges were made to provide passage for a railway, a road, a canal or a pipeline, etc.

Bridge

Bridge Engineering

It is a part of civil engineering which deals with the construction, maintenance as well as design related to Bridges.

What is Bridge?

• Bridge is a structure that covers a gap.
• Generally, bridges carry a road or railway across a natural or artificial obstacle such as, a river, canal, or another railway or another road.
• The bridge is a structure corresponding to the heaviest responsibility in carrying a free flow of transport and is the most significant component of a transportation system in case of communication over gaps for whatever reason such as aquatic obstacles, valleys and gorges etc.

Components of Bridge

Generally, components of the bridge are two types,

1. Sub Structure
2. Super Structure

Sub Structure

The Lower Most part of bridges which supports the entire structure made from abutments pier etc. including super structure is called sub-structure.

Components of Sub Structure

There are five components of Sub Structure 

1. Foundation
2. Piers
3. Wing Walls
4. Abutments
5. Approaches

What is the Foundation

It is the lowermost part of bridge structure. The main function of the foundation is to take a load of the superstructure and transfer the all load to the subsoil through the foundations.

Foundation of bridge

What is the Pier?

It is upright support or superstructures as well as structures for example an arch and bridges.

What is Wing Wall?

A wing wall is a smaller wall that is attached or next to a larger wall or structure.

What is Abutment?

An abutment is a type of column that is constructed towards the approach road of a bridge.

What are Approaches?

bridge approaches where the embankments were constructed over soft ground, the ground would settle during the course of construction and continue to settle after completion of the work.

Super Structure

It is that part of bridges over which the traffics moves safely. It consists of Roadway, Girder, and Arches, etc. Over which road is supported.

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